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Is は a particle in こんにちは and こんばんは?

Why is konnichiwa spelt こんにちは?“Grammatically-correct” particle-less phrases/sayingsConfusion with the の particleHow should I understand the use of particle に in the context of 受身形 and 自動詞 in these sentences?-まする verb ending. Is る a particle?What exactly is なんだと?Particle usage of は and が in this sentenceHow to translate particle とも and 絞る?Meaning of the particle と in this case

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1

Is は a particle in こんにちは and こんばんは?

meaning words phrases

share|improve this question

edited 9 hours ago

Felipe Oliveira

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asked 9 hours ago

JACKJACK

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• 
  
  
  

  
  2
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Possible duplicate of Why is konnichiwa spelt こんにちは?
  
  – Em.
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment
 | 

1

Is は a particle in こんにちは and こんばんは?

meaning words phrases

share|improve this question

edited 9 hours ago

Felipe Oliveira

2,18588 silver badges2424 bronze badges

asked 9 hours ago

JACKJACK

2,74211 gold badge1515 silver badges5050 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  2
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Possible duplicate of Why is konnichiwa spelt こんにちは?
  
  – Em.
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment
 | 

Is は a particle in こんにちは and こんばんは?

meaning words phrases

share|improve this question

edited 9 hours ago

Felipe Oliveira

2,18588 silver badges2424 bronze badges

asked 9 hours ago

JACKJACK

2,74211 gold badge1515 silver badges5050 bronze badges

share|improve this question

edited 9 hours ago

Felipe Oliveira

2,18588 silver badges2424 bronze badges

asked 9 hours ago

JACKJACK

2,74211 gold badge1515 silver badges5050 bronze badges

share|improve this question

edited 9 hours ago

Felipe Oliveira

2,18588 silver badges2424 bronze badges

asked 9 hours ago

JACKJACK

2,74211 gold badge1515 silver badges5050 bronze badges

edited 9 hours ago

Felipe Oliveira

2,18588 silver badges2424 bronze badges

edited 9 hours ago

Felipe Oliveira

2,18588 silver badges2424 bronze badges

asked 9 hours ago

JACKJACK

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asked 9 hours ago

JACKJACK

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1 Answer
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4

Yes. This は is the same as the topic marker は.

These expressions were originally the start of a greeting, as in, [今日]{こんにち}はお[元気]{げんき}でしょうか ("You're feeling well today?") or [今晩]{こんばん}はいかがですか ("How are you this evening?"), etc. Over time, through regular and frequent use, the opening portions came to be used independently as simplified greetings.

According to Shogakukan's [国語]{こくご}[大]{だい}[辞典]{じてん} entry for [今日]{こんにち}は:

（「今日は…」と続けた挨拶語の下略されたもの）

　(omitting the portion of the greeting continuing on after "konnichi wa...")

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Eiríkr ÚtlendiEiríkr Útlendi

21.2k11 gold badge3939 silver badges7373 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I think it might be worth drawing a distinction between “is a particle” and “was originally a particle”, because IMO these words are fully lexicalized and は is not serving the function a particle normally would...
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  7 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Perhaps I'm being too picky, but If that's the case, then the answer of the question should be "No, despite it used to be originally."
  
  – jarmanso7
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @DariusJahandarie, though lexicalized to the point that these phrases can be used independently, the latter at least can also be used in fuller contexts as originally composed. Google searches for 今晩は + some other following term show no dearth of such usage, such as 今晩は寒くて. Daijirin also parses this as a particle: 〔「は」は助詞。「今日は御機嫌いかがですか」などの下を略した形〕 And if は is not a particle, what is it? I'd counter-claim that it's still the particle は, just that it functions differently in this specific lexicalized context. :)
  
  – Eiríkr Útlendi
  6 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  “And if は is not a particle, what is it?” < I would say it’s a kana... just like the う in ありがとう.
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  When analyzing things synchronically, what is most relevant is the mental model of the native speakers using it. If you want to create a complex model to say that there are multiple uses of the particle は, including a sentence-ending one that doesn’t invoke a feeling of something being missing/inferred, go ahead, but somehow that doesn’t feel right compared to こんにちは just being an expression that is made up of those sounds and no further...
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

 | 
show 1 more comment

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4

Yes. This は is the same as the topic marker は.

These expressions were originally the start of a greeting, as in, [今日]{こんにち}はお[元気]{げんき}でしょうか ("You're feeling well today?") or [今晩]{こんばん}はいかがですか ("How are you this evening?"), etc. Over time, through regular and frequent use, the opening portions came to be used independently as simplified greetings.

According to Shogakukan's [国語]{こくご}[大]{だい}[辞典]{じてん} entry for [今日]{こんにち}は:

（「今日は…」と続けた挨拶語の下略されたもの）

　(omitting the portion of the greeting continuing on after "konnichi wa...")

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Eiríkr ÚtlendiEiríkr Útlendi

21.2k11 gold badge3939 silver badges7373 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I think it might be worth drawing a distinction between “is a particle” and “was originally a particle”, because IMO these words are fully lexicalized and は is not serving the function a particle normally would...
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  7 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Perhaps I'm being too picky, but If that's the case, then the answer of the question should be "No, despite it used to be originally."
  
  – jarmanso7
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @DariusJahandarie, though lexicalized to the point that these phrases can be used independently, the latter at least can also be used in fuller contexts as originally composed. Google searches for 今晩は + some other following term show no dearth of such usage, such as 今晩は寒くて. Daijirin also parses this as a particle: 〔「は」は助詞。「今日は御機嫌いかがですか」などの下を略した形〕 And if は is not a particle, what is it? I'd counter-claim that it's still the particle は, just that it functions differently in this specific lexicalized context. :)
  
  – Eiríkr Útlendi
  6 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  “And if は is not a particle, what is it?” < I would say it’s a kana... just like the う in ありがとう.
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  When analyzing things synchronically, what is most relevant is the mental model of the native speakers using it. If you want to create a complex model to say that there are multiple uses of the particle は, including a sentence-ending one that doesn’t invoke a feeling of something being missing/inferred, go ahead, but somehow that doesn’t feel right compared to こんにちは just being an expression that is made up of those sounds and no further...
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

 | 
show 1 more comment

4

Yes. This は is the same as the topic marker は.

These expressions were originally the start of a greeting, as in, [今日]{こんにち}はお[元気]{げんき}でしょうか ("You're feeling well today?") or [今晩]{こんばん}はいかがですか ("How are you this evening?"), etc. Over time, through regular and frequent use, the opening portions came to be used independently as simplified greetings.

According to Shogakukan's [国語]{こくご}[大]{だい}[辞典]{じてん} entry for [今日]{こんにち}は:

（「今日は…」と続けた挨拶語の下略されたもの）

　(omitting the portion of the greeting continuing on after "konnichi wa...")

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Eiríkr ÚtlendiEiríkr Útlendi

21.2k11 gold badge3939 silver badges7373 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I think it might be worth drawing a distinction between “is a particle” and “was originally a particle”, because IMO these words are fully lexicalized and は is not serving the function a particle normally would...
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  7 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Perhaps I'm being too picky, but If that's the case, then the answer of the question should be "No, despite it used to be originally."
  
  – jarmanso7
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @DariusJahandarie, though lexicalized to the point that these phrases can be used independently, the latter at least can also be used in fuller contexts as originally composed. Google searches for 今晩は + some other following term show no dearth of such usage, such as 今晩は寒くて. Daijirin also parses this as a particle: 〔「は」は助詞。「今日は御機嫌いかがですか」などの下を略した形〕 And if は is not a particle, what is it? I'd counter-claim that it's still the particle は, just that it functions differently in this specific lexicalized context. :)
  
  – Eiríkr Útlendi
  6 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  “And if は is not a particle, what is it?” < I would say it’s a kana... just like the う in ありがとう.
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  When analyzing things synchronically, what is most relevant is the mental model of the native speakers using it. If you want to create a complex model to say that there are multiple uses of the particle は, including a sentence-ending one that doesn’t invoke a feeling of something being missing/inferred, go ahead, but somehow that doesn’t feel right compared to こんにちは just being an expression that is made up of those sounds and no further...
  
  – Darius Jahandarie
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

 | 
show 1 more comment

Yes. This は is the same as the topic marker は.

These expressions were originally the start of a greeting, as in, [今日]{こんにち}はお[元気]{げんき}でしょうか ("You're feeling well today?") or [今晩]{こんばん}はいかがですか ("How are you this evening?"), etc. Over time, through regular and frequent use, the opening portions came to be used independently as simplified greetings.

According to Shogakukan's [国語]{こくご}[大]{だい}[辞典]{じてん} entry for [今日]{こんにち}は:

（「今日は…」と続けた挨拶語の下略されたもの）

　(omitting the portion of the greeting continuing on after "konnichi wa...")

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Eiríkr ÚtlendiEiríkr Útlendi

21.2k11 gold badge3939 silver badges7373 bronze badges

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Eiríkr ÚtlendiEiríkr Útlendi

21.2k11 gold badge3939 silver badges7373 bronze badges

answered 8 hours ago

Eiríkr ÚtlendiEiríkr Útlendi

21.2k11 gold badge3939 silver badges7373 bronze badges

answered 8 hours ago

Eiríkr ÚtlendiEiríkr Útlendi

21.2k11 gold badge3939 silver badges7373 bronze badges