Proof that shortest path with negative cycles is NP hard

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Proof that shortest path with negative cycles is NP hard














1












$begingroup$


I'm looking into the shortest path problem and am wondering how to prove that shortest path with neg. cycles is NP-hard. (Or is it NPC? Is there a way to validate in P time that the path really is shortest?)



How would I reduce the SAT problem into the shortest path problem in polynomial time?










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$endgroup$








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Do you have to reduce from SAT? A simple reduction is from Hamiltonian path.
    $endgroup$
    – Juho
    14 hours ago












  • $begingroup$
    The decision version of your problem is: Given a graph and a number $ell$, is there a path whose length is shorter than $ell$? This is clearly in NP.
    $endgroup$
    – Yuval Filmus
    7 hours ago
















1












$begingroup$


I'm looking into the shortest path problem and am wondering how to prove that shortest path with neg. cycles is NP-hard. (Or is it NPC? Is there a way to validate in P time that the path really is shortest?)



How would I reduce the SAT problem into the shortest path problem in polynomial time?










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Do you have to reduce from SAT? A simple reduction is from Hamiltonian path.
    $endgroup$
    – Juho
    14 hours ago












  • $begingroup$
    The decision version of your problem is: Given a graph and a number $ell$, is there a path whose length is shorter than $ell$? This is clearly in NP.
    $endgroup$
    – Yuval Filmus
    7 hours ago














1












1








1


1



$begingroup$


I'm looking into the shortest path problem and am wondering how to prove that shortest path with neg. cycles is NP-hard. (Or is it NPC? Is there a way to validate in P time that the path really is shortest?)



How would I reduce the SAT problem into the shortest path problem in polynomial time?










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$




I'm looking into the shortest path problem and am wondering how to prove that shortest path with neg. cycles is NP-hard. (Or is it NPC? Is there a way to validate in P time that the path really is shortest?)



How would I reduce the SAT problem into the shortest path problem in polynomial time?







graph-theory shortest-path






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share|cite|improve this question











share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question










asked 15 hours ago









Tin ManTin Man

1235




1235








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Do you have to reduce from SAT? A simple reduction is from Hamiltonian path.
    $endgroup$
    – Juho
    14 hours ago












  • $begingroup$
    The decision version of your problem is: Given a graph and a number $ell$, is there a path whose length is shorter than $ell$? This is clearly in NP.
    $endgroup$
    – Yuval Filmus
    7 hours ago














  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Do you have to reduce from SAT? A simple reduction is from Hamiltonian path.
    $endgroup$
    – Juho
    14 hours ago












  • $begingroup$
    The decision version of your problem is: Given a graph and a number $ell$, is there a path whose length is shorter than $ell$? This is clearly in NP.
    $endgroup$
    – Yuval Filmus
    7 hours ago








2




2




$begingroup$
Do you have to reduce from SAT? A simple reduction is from Hamiltonian path.
$endgroup$
– Juho
14 hours ago






$begingroup$
Do you have to reduce from SAT? A simple reduction is from Hamiltonian path.
$endgroup$
– Juho
14 hours ago














$begingroup$
The decision version of your problem is: Given a graph and a number $ell$, is there a path whose length is shorter than $ell$? This is clearly in NP.
$endgroup$
– Yuval Filmus
7 hours ago




$begingroup$
The decision version of your problem is: Given a graph and a number $ell$, is there a path whose length is shorter than $ell$? This is clearly in NP.
$endgroup$
– Yuval Filmus
7 hours ago










1 Answer
1






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oldest

votes


















4












$begingroup$

Copied from my answer on cstheory.stackexchange.com:





Paths with no repeated vertices are called simple-paths, so you are looking for the shortest simple-path in a graph with negative-cycles.



This can be reduced from the longest-path problem. If there were a fast solver for your problem, then given a graph with only positive edge-weights, negating all the edge-weights and running your solver would give the longest path in the original graph.



Thus your problem is NP-Hard.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Thanks for the answer. While I was looking for a conversion from SAT (as, based on Cook's theorem, it's what I know to be NPC), connecting the dots led me to "Hamiltonian path to longest path" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_path_problem#NP-hardness and then "3SAT to Hamiltonian path" geeksforgeeks.org/proof-hamiltonian-path-np-complete
    $endgroup$
    – Tin Man
    2 hours ago












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1 Answer
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active

oldest

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1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

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active

oldest

votes









4












$begingroup$

Copied from my answer on cstheory.stackexchange.com:





Paths with no repeated vertices are called simple-paths, so you are looking for the shortest simple-path in a graph with negative-cycles.



This can be reduced from the longest-path problem. If there were a fast solver for your problem, then given a graph with only positive edge-weights, negating all the edge-weights and running your solver would give the longest path in the original graph.



Thus your problem is NP-Hard.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Thanks for the answer. While I was looking for a conversion from SAT (as, based on Cook's theorem, it's what I know to be NPC), connecting the dots led me to "Hamiltonian path to longest path" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_path_problem#NP-hardness and then "3SAT to Hamiltonian path" geeksforgeeks.org/proof-hamiltonian-path-np-complete
    $endgroup$
    – Tin Man
    2 hours ago
















4












$begingroup$

Copied from my answer on cstheory.stackexchange.com:





Paths with no repeated vertices are called simple-paths, so you are looking for the shortest simple-path in a graph with negative-cycles.



This can be reduced from the longest-path problem. If there were a fast solver for your problem, then given a graph with only positive edge-weights, negating all the edge-weights and running your solver would give the longest path in the original graph.



Thus your problem is NP-Hard.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Thanks for the answer. While I was looking for a conversion from SAT (as, based on Cook's theorem, it's what I know to be NPC), connecting the dots led me to "Hamiltonian path to longest path" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_path_problem#NP-hardness and then "3SAT to Hamiltonian path" geeksforgeeks.org/proof-hamiltonian-path-np-complete
    $endgroup$
    – Tin Man
    2 hours ago














4












4








4





$begingroup$

Copied from my answer on cstheory.stackexchange.com:





Paths with no repeated vertices are called simple-paths, so you are looking for the shortest simple-path in a graph with negative-cycles.



This can be reduced from the longest-path problem. If there were a fast solver for your problem, then given a graph with only positive edge-weights, negating all the edge-weights and running your solver would give the longest path in the original graph.



Thus your problem is NP-Hard.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$



Copied from my answer on cstheory.stackexchange.com:





Paths with no repeated vertices are called simple-paths, so you are looking for the shortest simple-path in a graph with negative-cycles.



This can be reduced from the longest-path problem. If there were a fast solver for your problem, then given a graph with only positive edge-weights, negating all the edge-weights and running your solver would give the longest path in the original graph.



Thus your problem is NP-Hard.







share|cite|improve this answer












share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer










answered 6 hours ago









BlueRaja - Danny PflughoeftBlueRaja - Danny Pflughoeft

830613




830613












  • $begingroup$
    Thanks for the answer. While I was looking for a conversion from SAT (as, based on Cook's theorem, it's what I know to be NPC), connecting the dots led me to "Hamiltonian path to longest path" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_path_problem#NP-hardness and then "3SAT to Hamiltonian path" geeksforgeeks.org/proof-hamiltonian-path-np-complete
    $endgroup$
    – Tin Man
    2 hours ago


















  • $begingroup$
    Thanks for the answer. While I was looking for a conversion from SAT (as, based on Cook's theorem, it's what I know to be NPC), connecting the dots led me to "Hamiltonian path to longest path" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_path_problem#NP-hardness and then "3SAT to Hamiltonian path" geeksforgeeks.org/proof-hamiltonian-path-np-complete
    $endgroup$
    – Tin Man
    2 hours ago
















$begingroup$
Thanks for the answer. While I was looking for a conversion from SAT (as, based on Cook's theorem, it's what I know to be NPC), connecting the dots led me to "Hamiltonian path to longest path" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_path_problem#NP-hardness and then "3SAT to Hamiltonian path" geeksforgeeks.org/proof-hamiltonian-path-np-complete
$endgroup$
– Tin Man
2 hours ago




$begingroup$
Thanks for the answer. While I was looking for a conversion from SAT (as, based on Cook's theorem, it's what I know to be NPC), connecting the dots led me to "Hamiltonian path to longest path" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_path_problem#NP-hardness and then "3SAT to Hamiltonian path" geeksforgeeks.org/proof-hamiltonian-path-np-complete
$endgroup$
– Tin Man
2 hours ago


















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