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How to understand the output of the df command
How to understand what's taking up disk space?Ubuntu Server 16.04 filesystem usagedf hangs and I have no idea whyI have a dedicated with 2 SSDs, how to I group them to behave as 1?how to understand the dmesgdf command not showing free disk space
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I have a dedicated server to host my website.
When I run the df -h command I get the following output:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.2G 322M 2.9G 11% /run
/dev/md2 20G 8.1G 11G 45% /
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/md1 487M 29M 429M 7% /boot
/dev/md3 90G 22G 64G 26% /home
The commercial denomination of my server is: E3-SSD-2-32 - E3-1225v2 - 32GB - SoftRaid 3x120GB SSD. It is supposed to have 3 SSD drives of 120GB each. But I can't see this information in the output of the df command.
Am I missing something?
disk-usage disk
asked 43 mins ago
MonsieurNinjaMonsieurNinja
991 bronze badge
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MonsieurNinja is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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add a comment
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I have a dedicated server to host my website.
When I run the df -h command I get the following output:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.2G 322M 2.9G 11% /run
/dev/md2 20G 8.1G 11G 45% /
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/md1 487M 29M 429M 7% /boot
/dev/md3 90G 22G 64G 26% /home
The commercial denomination of my server is: E3-SSD-2-32 - E3-1225v2 - 32GB - SoftRaid 3x120GB SSD. It is supposed to have 3 SSD drives of 120GB each. But I can't see this information in the output of the df command.
Am I missing something?
disk-usage disk
asked 43 mins ago
MonsieurNinjaMonsieurNinja
991 bronze badge
New contributor
MonsieurNinja is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
What's the output ofsudo fdisk -l?
– guillermo chamorro
40 mins ago
pastebin.com/BVHTUFsc it seems that this command is closer to what I was expecting. The /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc disks look like they are the ones. Was I misunderstanding thedf -hcommand?
– MonsieurNinja
30 mins ago
thedfcommand only shows you filesystem sizes. To get the real disk capacities and partitions you would look at the output offdisk. From your pastebin (you should copy all of that into your question) it would appear that you do indeed have three 120G disks, but you seem to have a software RAID on top of them. The contents of/proc/mdstatshould have some information about your software RAID (also check out themdadmcommand).
– GracefulRestart
24 mins ago
add a comment
|
I have a dedicated server to host my website.
When I run the df -h command I get the following output:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.2G 322M 2.9G 11% /run
/dev/md2 20G 8.1G 11G 45% /
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/md1 487M 29M 429M 7% /boot
/dev/md3 90G 22G 64G 26% /home
The commercial denomination of my server is: E3-SSD-2-32 - E3-1225v2 - 32GB - SoftRaid 3x120GB SSD. It is supposed to have 3 SSD drives of 120GB each. But I can't see this information in the output of the df command.
Am I missing something?
disk-usage disk
asked 43 mins ago
MonsieurNinjaMonsieurNinja
991 bronze badge
New contributor
MonsieurNinja is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
I have a dedicated server to host my website.
When I run the df -h command I get the following output:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.2G 322M 2.9G 11% /run
/dev/md2 20G 8.1G 11G 45% /
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/md1 487M 29M 429M 7% /boot
/dev/md3 90G 22G 64G 26% /home
The commercial denomination of my server is: E3-SSD-2-32 - E3-1225v2 - 32GB - SoftRaid 3x120GB SSD. It is supposed to have 3 SSD drives of 120GB each. But I can't see this information in the output of the df command.
Am I missing something?
disk-usage disk
disk-usage disk
asked 43 mins ago
MonsieurNinjaMonsieurNinja
991 bronze badge
New contributor
MonsieurNinja is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
asked 43 mins ago
MonsieurNinjaMonsieurNinja
991 bronze badge
New contributor
MonsieurNinja is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
asked 43 mins ago
MonsieurNinjaMonsieurNinja
991 bronze badge
New contributor
MonsieurNinja is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
asked 43 mins ago
MonsieurNinjaMonsieurNinja
991 bronze badge
asked 43 mins ago
MonsieurNinjaMonsieurNinja
991 bronze badge
991 bronze badge
New contributor
MonsieurNinja is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
New contributor
MonsieurNinja is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
What's the output ofsudo fdisk -l?
– guillermo chamorro
40 mins ago
pastebin.com/BVHTUFsc it seems that this command is closer to what I was expecting. The /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc disks look like they are the ones. Was I misunderstanding thedf -hcommand?
– MonsieurNinja
30 mins ago
thedfcommand only shows you filesystem sizes. To get the real disk capacities and partitions you would look at the output offdisk. From your pastebin (you should copy all of that into your question) it would appear that you do indeed have three 120G disks, but you seem to have a software RAID on top of them. The contents of/proc/mdstatshould have some information about your software RAID (also check out themdadmcommand).
– GracefulRestart
24 mins ago
add a comment
|
What's the output ofsudo fdisk -l?
– guillermo chamorro
40 mins ago
pastebin.com/BVHTUFsc it seems that this command is closer to what I was expecting. The /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc disks look like they are the ones. Was I misunderstanding thedf -hcommand?
– MonsieurNinja
30 mins ago
thedfcommand only shows you filesystem sizes. To get the real disk capacities and partitions you would look at the output offdisk. From your pastebin (you should copy all of that into your question) it would appear that you do indeed have three 120G disks, but you seem to have a software RAID on top of them. The contents of/proc/mdstatshould have some information about your software RAID (also check out themdadmcommand).
– GracefulRestart
24 mins ago
What's the output of
sudo fdisk -l?– guillermo chamorro
40 mins ago
What's the output of
sudo fdisk -l?– guillermo chamorro
40 mins ago
pastebin.com/BVHTUFsc it seems that this command is closer to what I was expecting. The /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc disks look like they are the ones. Was I misunderstanding the
df -h command?– MonsieurNinja
30 mins ago
pastebin.com/BVHTUFsc it seems that this command is closer to what I was expecting. The /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc disks look like they are the ones. Was I misunderstanding the
df -h command?– MonsieurNinja
30 mins ago
the
df command only shows you filesystem sizes. To get the real disk capacities and partitions you would look at the output of fdisk. From your pastebin (you should copy all of that into your question) it would appear that you do indeed have three 120G disks, but you seem to have a software RAID on top of them. The contents of /proc/mdstat should have some information about your software RAID (also check out the mdadm command).– GracefulRestart
24 mins ago
the
df command only shows you filesystem sizes. To get the real disk capacities and partitions you would look at the output of fdisk. From your pastebin (you should copy all of that into your question) it would appear that you do indeed have three 120G disks, but you seem to have a software RAID on top of them. The contents of /proc/mdstat should have some information about your software RAID (also check out the mdadm command).– GracefulRestart
24 mins ago
add a comment
|
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
You do have three drives, but they seem to be connected in RAID1 with one hot spare. Consider:
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 4096 1050623 1046528 511M fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 1050624 42008575 40957952 19.5G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda3 42008576 233383935 191375360 91.3G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda4 233383936 234430463 1046528 511M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
The sizes of sda1, sda2 and sda3 match those of the md1, md2, md3 devices. If they were RAID5 you'd see a total of 240 GB, instead you see 120 GB.
This indicates in my opinion that sda and sdb are connected in RAID1, so that they show together as 120 GB overall, while sdc is kept in reserve, and isn't seen at all.
You can verify this by running mdadm --detail /dev/md1. I expect something like
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 511 MiB
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 3 <--------
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1 <--------
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
answered 7 mins ago
LSerniLSerni
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
add a comment
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1 Answer
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1 Answer
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oldest
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You do have three drives, but they seem to be connected in RAID1 with one hot spare. Consider:
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 4096 1050623 1046528 511M fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 1050624 42008575 40957952 19.5G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda3 42008576 233383935 191375360 91.3G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda4 233383936 234430463 1046528 511M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
The sizes of sda1, sda2 and sda3 match those of the md1, md2, md3 devices. If they were RAID5 you'd see a total of 240 GB, instead you see 120 GB.
This indicates in my opinion that sda and sdb are connected in RAID1, so that they show together as 120 GB overall, while sdc is kept in reserve, and isn't seen at all.
You can verify this by running mdadm --detail /dev/md1. I expect something like
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 511 MiB
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 3 <--------
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1 <--------
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
answered 7 mins ago
LSerniLSerni
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
add a comment
|
You do have three drives, but they seem to be connected in RAID1 with one hot spare. Consider:
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 4096 1050623 1046528 511M fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 1050624 42008575 40957952 19.5G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda3 42008576 233383935 191375360 91.3G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda4 233383936 234430463 1046528 511M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
The sizes of sda1, sda2 and sda3 match those of the md1, md2, md3 devices. If they were RAID5 you'd see a total of 240 GB, instead you see 120 GB.
This indicates in my opinion that sda and sdb are connected in RAID1, so that they show together as 120 GB overall, while sdc is kept in reserve, and isn't seen at all.
You can verify this by running mdadm --detail /dev/md1. I expect something like
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 511 MiB
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 3 <--------
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1 <--------
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
answered 7 mins ago
LSerniLSerni
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
add a comment
|
You do have three drives, but they seem to be connected in RAID1 with one hot spare. Consider:
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 4096 1050623 1046528 511M fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 1050624 42008575 40957952 19.5G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda3 42008576 233383935 191375360 91.3G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda4 233383936 234430463 1046528 511M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
The sizes of sda1, sda2 and sda3 match those of the md1, md2, md3 devices. If they were RAID5 you'd see a total of 240 GB, instead you see 120 GB.
This indicates in my opinion that sda and sdb are connected in RAID1, so that they show together as 120 GB overall, while sdc is kept in reserve, and isn't seen at all.
You can verify this by running mdadm --detail /dev/md1. I expect something like
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 511 MiB
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 3 <--------
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1 <--------
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
answered 7 mins ago
LSerniLSerni
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
You do have three drives, but they seem to be connected in RAID1 with one hot spare. Consider:
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 4096 1050623 1046528 511M fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 1050624 42008575 40957952 19.5G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda3 42008576 233383935 191375360 91.3G fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda4 233383936 234430463 1046528 511M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
The sizes of sda1, sda2 and sda3 match those of the md1, md2, md3 devices. If they were RAID5 you'd see a total of 240 GB, instead you see 120 GB.
This indicates in my opinion that sda and sdb are connected in RAID1, so that they show together as 120 GB overall, while sdc is kept in reserve, and isn't seen at all.
You can verify this by running mdadm --detail /dev/md1. I expect something like
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 511 MiB
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 3 <--------
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1 <--------
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
answered 7 mins ago
LSerniLSerni
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
answered 7 mins ago
LSerniLSerni
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
answered 7 mins ago
LSerniLSerni
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
answered 7 mins ago
LSerniLSerni
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
2,5918 silver badges16 bronze badges
add a comment
|
add a comment
|
MonsieurNinja is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
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What's the output of
sudo fdisk -l?– guillermo chamorro
40 mins ago
pastebin.com/BVHTUFsc it seems that this command is closer to what I was expecting. The /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc disks look like they are the ones. Was I misunderstanding the
df -hcommand?– MonsieurNinja
30 mins ago
the
dfcommand only shows you filesystem sizes. To get the real disk capacities and partitions you would look at the output offdisk. From your pastebin (you should copy all of that into your question) it would appear that you do indeed have three 120G disks, but you seem to have a software RAID on top of them. The contents of/proc/mdstatshould have some information about your software RAID (also check out themdadmcommand).– GracefulRestart
24 mins ago